![]() XMPP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol.X.400, Message Handling Service Protocol.Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocol.TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part.NTCIP, National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System Protocol.MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME.LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.H.323, Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System.FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management.ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol.CFDP, Coherent File Distribution Protocol.BEEP, Block Extensible Exchange Protocol.AMQP, Advanced Message Queuing Protocol.APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication.9P, Plan 9 from Bell Labs distributed file system protocol.Remote host management: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Common Management Information Protocol over TCP (CMOT)Īdditional notable application-layer protocols include the following:.Networking support: Domain Name System (DNS).Electronic mail transport: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).File transfer: File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).It provided an initial set of protocols that covered the major aspects of the functionality of the early Internet: ![]() The IETF definition document for the application layer in the Internet Protocol Suite is RFC 1123. DTP (Distributed Transaction Processing).CMIP (Common Management Information Protocol).MOTIS (Message Oriented Text Interchange Standard).FTAM (File Transfer, Access and Manager).The specific application service element sublayer provides application-specific services (protocols), such as: RTSE (Reliable Transfer Service Element).CCR (Commitment Concurrency and Recovery).ROSE (Remote Operation Service Element).ACSE ( Association Control Service Element).It provides support for common application services, such as: The common application service element sublayer provides services for the application layer and request services from the session layer. Some application service elements invoke different procedures based on the version of the session service available. Generally, an application layer protocol is realized by the use of the functionality of a number of application service elements. These two sublayers are the common application service element (CASE) and specific application service element (SASE). Originally the OSI model consisted of two kinds of application layer services with their related protocols. In contrast, the Internet Protocol Suite compiles these functions into a single layer. OSI specifies a strict modular separation of functionality at these layers and provides protocol implementations for each. OSI then explicitly distinguishes the functionality of two additional layers, the session layer and presentation layer, as separate levels below the application layer and above the transport layer. The OSI model defines the application layer as only the interface responsible for communicating with host-based and user-facing applications. In the OSI model, the definition of the application layer is narrower in scope.
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